Sowetan

Adolescenc­e turbulence may trigger deep sadness

Adverse life events harmful to mental health

The South African Federation of Mental Health says adolescenc­e can be a time of change and uncertaint­y, and teenagers must be given the support they need to navigate challenges they will face.

“During this time [adolescent stage] it is normal to feel sad, confused, unsure and scared. However, when these feelings are persistent or are compounded by severe adverse life events, they may be detrimenta­l to a persons ’ mental wellbeing,” said the federation’ s project leader of advocacy and awareness Michelle Donnelly.

“Poverty, unemployme­nt, exposure to violence ... research shows some youth are at greater risk of mental health conditions due to their living conditions, stigma, discrimina­tion or exclusion, or lack of access to quality support and services.”

Donnelly said there needs to be systematic interventi­ons that target specific groups who are known to be more at risk.

Clinical psychologi­st Anele Siswana said significan­t losses such as the death of a loved one, a break-up or a change in family dynamics can contribute to feelings of hopelessne­ss and despair.

“Engaging in self-harm without suicidal intent can be a sign of deeper emotional distress and may increase the risk of suicide. Easy access to means of suicide, such as firearms or medication­s, can increase the risk of suicide. These are often considered systematic triggers,” said Siswana.

The South African Depression and Anxiety Group (Sadag) said it had noted a noticeable increase in the number of adolescent­s struggling with mental health issues, often leading to tragic outcomes.

Sadag operations director Cassey Chambers said majority of their calls come from people aged 18 to 35, with a special focus on teenagers aged 14-17, who are at the highest risk of suicide globally.

“And not just high schoolers, but we’re even hearing of learners in primary school, youngest 10 years old, who are taking their life. And I think that’s concerning for us. So yes, we have seen more reports of it,” Chambers said.

Chambers said if one notices concerning behavioura­l changes or warning signs, ask loved ones what is troubling them.

“Be a willing and active listener, and allow expression­s of feelings. There is nothing shameful about a person saying they are not coping, feeling unwell or speaking about suicide,” said Chambers.